How to Connect H-shaped Steel Columns and Box-Shaped Columns At the Steel Structure Construction Site?
In steel structure engineering, H-shaped steel columns and box-section columns are key load-bearing components, and their splicing process is directly related to the stability, safety and construction efficiency of the overall structure. These two different types of steel columns must follow corresponding process requirements and specifications during the splicing process to ensure the smooth progress and final quality of steel structure construction.
Ideally, the splicing connection nodes between columns should be set at a location with less internal force. However, considering the difficulty of construction and improving installation efficiency on site, the splicing connection joints of frame columns should usually be set about 1.3m above the frame beam. In order to facilitate manufacturing and installation and reduce the number of splicing connection nodes of columns, in general, the installation unit of columns is three layers per column. For extra-large or extra-heavy columns, their installation units should be determined based on the capacity of mechanical equipment such as lifting, transportation, and hoisting.
The splicing of the flange plates of H-shaped steel columns mainly adopts double shear splicing and single shear splicing of high-strength bolts + splicing plates, or the flange plates are directly connected by fully welded groove butt welds; the splicing of the web plates mainly adopts double shear splicing of high-strength bolts + splicing plates. The splicing of flange plates adopts fully welded groove butt welds, and the splicing of web plates mainly adopts double shear splicing of high-strength bolts + splicing plates. Various splicing combinations in other forms will also be used, and they should be verified according to the actual splicing method during calculation.
When the splicing connection nodes of box-section columns are connected by fully penetrated groove butt welds, in order to ensure the gap at the root of the splicing connection welds of the upper and lower columns, the following methods can be selected according to the specific situation:
① Use the splicing connection plate of the column web to support the upper column. ② Use the cross-section of the upper and lower column webs (end faces processed) to make close contact. ③ Set the connection lining plate at the splicing point in advance in the factory as required, and make the processed end faces close contact. ④ Use a combination of the above methods.
In order to ensure the installation quality and safety of the splicing connection nodes of the columns, installation ear plates must be appropriately set at the splicing points of the columns as temporary fixation. At this time, the length, width and thickness of the installation ear plates, their connection welds, and the number of bolts for temporary fixation should be determined based on the deadweight of the column installation unit and the maximum gusts that may occur during installation, as well as other construction loads.
The thickness of the mounting ear plate should not be less than 10mm; when double-sided fillet welds are used to connect the mounting ear plate to the column, the weld leg size should not be less than 8mm; the number of connecting bolts for the upper column and the lower column shall be 3 each, and the diameter shall not be less than 20mm; the length and width of the mounting ear plate can be determined according to the structural requirements of the connecting bolt setting and the limit size of the welding operation.
